NOTE: The content of this page may be outdated. Links may not be valid and the steps detailed may no longer work. This page is saved for archival purposes only.
This guide a personal configuration of Fedora 12. This page is to provide some common installation tips that people may find useful. Keep in mind this works for me, so take care in doing proper backups to critical files whenever trying something. This guide was simultaneously authored testing a AMD64 Desktop running both i386 (32-bit) Fedora and x86_64 (64-bit) Fedora. (The specific system(s) also dual boot with either Windows XP, Windows Vista or Windows 7).
Fedora 12 is provided as either CD-ROM's or DVD-ROM's for installation. You can either download the multiple CD sets or single DVD for installation. The DVD-ROM disk is the recommended method of installation. Booting the DVD or booting from CD#1 will start the installer which will allow Fedora to be installed on your computer or for you to upgrade an existing Fedora on your machine. The following steps were done with the single DVD installation.
There are also "LiveCD's" which can be booted and will run a basic Fedora in memory while also providing a simpler method of installation (not as complete at the DVD or multi-CD method). The default LiveCD ships with Gnome (ex: F12-i686-Live.iso). There is a specific LiveCD that ships with KDE. Both provide an installer however they come with significantly less software than the DVD. Also they require more memory in order to be usable. The LiveCD may be useful for demonstration.
Note: To upgrade an existing Fedora installation you cannot use a Live disk.
It is highly recommended you read the Fedora Release Notes and official Installation Guide before installing Fedora. (Other languages are available.)
An additional recommendation is to read Common Problems before installing.
Obtain the Fedora 12 DVD image or multi-CD set images from a Fedora mirror (or use the torrent) and burn to DVD. (For more information on how to download Fedora CD's or DVD).
Note: 32-Bit Architecture - If you are using an older 32-bit CPU such as Intel i586, Geode or VIA C3, Fedora 12 may not be supported for your system. More info
Boot from the DVD. If you choose to use a LiveCD please note that the following steps will differ.
NOTE: The Fedora Installer (anaconda) is very minimal and most configuration steps will need to be done post-installation.
I did a Custom Install of Fedora 12.
Add Additional Software Repositories - [NOT Recommended at Install time]. You do have the option of adding helpful repositories during install. This will give access to MANY more applications than included on the CD's or DVD. However this requires a high-speed internet access that is detected by the Fedora Installer. This will also significantly increase the installation time.
If you select Customize now you will be taken to the Individual Package Selection. The Fedora installer will usually have most of the necessary defaults already selected. However, I will recommend adding KDE (K Desktop Environment) under Desktop Environments.
Install the selected packages and reboot.
For users who opted to install grub on the first sector of the / partition instead of the MBR, you will be required to follow one of the above guides on either setting up Windows XP or Windows Vista to boot Fedora.
For the first boot:
Fedora, like all other Linux distributions, has a root user and has individual users. The root is the "superuser", somewhat similar to "Administrator" in Windows.
Use the personal account you created at First Boot for daily use root only for administration/configuration. To run as 'root' use su or sudo commands. However sudo requires setup. As root run:
echo 'loginname ALL=(ALL) ALL' >> /etc/sudoers Where 'loginname' is your user account. Use 'ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' if you don't want to be prompted a password. If you are prompted for a password with 'sudo' it is the user password, not root.
Example:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ su Password: <--- Enter root password [root@charon mirandam]# echo 'mirandam ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' >> /etc/sudoers [root@charon mirandam]# exit exit
The following is an example of how sudo lets you execute root commands:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ du -sh /root du: `/root': Permission denied <--- Fails!!! [mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo du -sh /root 163M /root <--- Works!!!
NOTE: Every command provided on this page will work if you remove sudo from the command. However this requires you must be logged in as 'root'. An alternative to using sudo is to use su to login as root, before executing a command.
Fedora uses yum to install and update its software. When connected to the internet it will automatically determine application dependencies.
Fedora Repositories
Fedora typically has 2 repositories enabled by default: fedora (the same packages that come on any combination of the CD's or DVD's) and updates (updated packages, newer than fedora repository).
YUM Plugins
While yum has many plugins available. Fedora 12 and newer enable yum-presto which should try to download only updated portions of packages instead of the full package during updates. Additionally many users use the fastestmirror plugin which (typically) speeds up downloads by attempting to find faster sources. To install:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install yum-plugin-fastestmirror
Third Party Repositories
For applications that are against Fedora policies (MP3, DVD, MPEG, Binary Drivers, etc), a third party repository should be used. The recommended repository for Fedora is: RPMFusion. For the purpose of this guide, (most) all needs are met by the RPMFusion repository, other requirements are stated.
To set up the RPMFusion repositories:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm [mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm
In order to provide more complete information on the Nvidia driver, please see: Fedora Nvidia Driver Install Guide ( https://www.mjmwired.net/resources/mjm-fedora-nvidia.html).
Network Not Online
If you install by CD or DVD the network will not be online by default. To fix this, make the either of the following changes:
Option 1: EDIT: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 and change ONBOOT=no to ONBOOT=yes.
Option 2: In Gnome, [Right-Click] on the Networking icon in the top left of the toolbar.
Select Edit Connections....
Select System eth0 and click Edit...
Check Connect automatically and click Apply.
Enter 'root' password when prompted.
Fedora ships without any form of MP3 playback. In order to add MP3 playback you must install from a 3rd party. The following requires the use of the RPMFusion repositories.
XMMS: simple, older GUI, minimalistic features (but still popular)
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install xmms xmms-mp3 xmms-faad2 xmms-pulse xmms-skins
Audacious: (A fork of Beep Media Player - BMP). XMMS rebuilt to be a little bit more modern. Still basic but much better than XMMS.
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install audacious audacious-plugins-freeworld* NOTE: There is a '*' at the end.
Rhythmbox/Gstreamer - A simple audio application similar to iTunes layout.
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install rhythmbox gstreamer-plugins-ugly gstreamer-plugins-bad gstreamer-ffmpeg
Amarok - A modern feature rich media player application.
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install amarok xine-lib-extras-freeworld
Note: PulseAudio - I was able to run all the above applications with either their default settings or using PulseAudio plugins enabled.
Fedora ships with a limited set of media player for both audio and video. For audio please read the MP3 player notes. For video and other multimedia (DVD, etc.) we will also be making use of a 3rd party repository: RPMFusion. Make sure to have the RPMFusion repositories configured before executing the following. Note that many "dependancies" in libraries, plugins and codecs are shared between these applications and also the MP3 player applications.
The most popular media players (in order) are: MPlayer, Xine and VLC. Each has its own strengths. Install whichever you prefer although the first 2 are recommended.
MPlayer - MPlayer comes in a command line only interface (mplayer) or skinable GUI and it also has a powerful encoding tool MEncoder (also great for ripping or compressing audio/video). Additionally there is a highly functional web plugin allowing for many popular formats in Firefox/Mozilla (WMV, QuickTime, etc.).
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install mplayer mplayer-gui gecko-mediaplayer mencoder
Xine - Xine is similar to MPlayer in many ways however lacking the command line application and encoder. However has fully supported DVD playback with proper navigation.
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install xine xine-lib-extras xine-lib-extras-freeworld
Binary Codecs - The MPlayer projects maintains a package full of binary codecs for which no directly open source option exists, some of these files include Windows DLL's. These are shared by both Xine and MPlayer. NOTE: There is significant variation depending on your architecture (i386, x86_64, ppc). This step is really only beneficial to 32bit i386 users.
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/lib/codecs [mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo tar -jxvf all-20100303.tar.bz2 --strip-components 1 -C /usr/lib/codecs/
VLC - VLC is a simpler media player with an easy to use interface. It also supports DVD playback. While most needs should be met with Xine and MPlayer some prefer VLC.
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install vlc
DVD Playback - Due to non-technical reasons, the libdvdcss package currently exists in the Livna repository. Either use the Livna repository for this single package, or manually download and install it:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release.rpm [mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-livna
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install libdvdcss
Note: PulseAudio - I was able to run all the above applications with either their default settings or using PulseAudio plugins enabled.
|
The official source for the package is http://corefonts.sourceforge.net/, however I am using the following SPEC file. You have to build the RPM using the chosen SPEC file. For convenience I have created the RPM (please do not link directly to this file): [mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo rpm -ivh msttcore-fonts-2.0-3.noarch.rpm Note: Fedora encourages the use of the Liberation Fonts. These are installed by default (and included on the DVD). |
Information regarding services and their functions can be found on: Services in Fedora 12 (https://www.mjmwired.net/resources/mjm-services-f12.html).
For information on how to manage services in Fedora please read: Managing Services in Fedora (https://www.mjmwired.net/resources/mjm-fedora-manage-services.html).
The Adobe Flash plugin is available from Adobe's website. Users should use Adobe's YUM repository (recommended).
Installation on Fedora 32-bit
Install the Adobe YUM repository:
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/adobe-release/adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm [mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux
Install the plugin:
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo yum install flash-plugin
Installation on Fedora 64-bit
Fedora 64-bit users have 2 options, either use the 32-bit plugin "wrapped" (which is recommended until Adobe officially release the native 64-bit plugin), OR install the prerelease 64-bit plugin manually.
Using the 32-bit Plugin
First install the Adobe YUM repository as stated above. Next install the missing dependencies and the plugin:
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo yum install nspluginwrapper.{i686,x86_64} alsa-plugins-pulseaudio.i686
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo yum install flash-plugin
Installing the 64-bit alpha Plugin
Obtain the latest plugin download from Adobe Labs. It will be in the form of a TAR.GZ.
Install the plugin to the Mozilla plugins directory. For example:
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo tar -zxvf libflashplayer-10.0.45.2.linux-x86_64.so.tar.gz -C /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins
Restart Firefox or any Mozilla browsers.
More information is available on the Fedora Wiki.
The standard installation of Fedora should install OpenJDK (based off of Sun Java). However if not, it can be installed using YUM:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk java-1.6.0-openjdk-plugin
With OpenJDK installed, Java application and Web applets should automatically work. Unfortunately some applets may not run properly and the OpenJDK might have some limitations. Majority of user should find OpenJDK perfect for everyday use.
Using Sun Java Instead
If you require Sun Java or if OpenJDK does not work properly, you can download Sun Java and use it in Fedora.
Download the Java package from:
http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp. Always use the latest update.
Select: Java JRE 6 Update 18 (the JDK is for developers)
On the next page, for Platform select "Linux" for 32-bit users, and "Linux x64" for 64-bit users.
For Language select "Multi-language". Also accept the license agreement, and hit "Continue".
On the next page, select the RPM option:
Java SE Runtime Environment 6u17 jre-6u18-linux-i586-rpm.bin (32-bit users) jre-6u18-linux-x64-rpm.bin (64-bit users)
To install:
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo sh jre-6u18-linux-i586-rpm.bin -OR- [mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo sh jre-6u18-linux-x64-rpm.bin
You will need to hit 'space' till it reaches the end, then type 'yes'. You should see the RPM installing. If it does not install, manually install it via sudo rpm -ivh.
When running the java command, Fedora will default to using OpenJDK. In order to use Sun Java, use the alternatives command.
To setup the Java runtime, perform the following (applies to both 32-bit and 64-bit users):
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/java/default/bin/java 20000
Setup the Mozilla/Firefox browser plugin.
For 32-bit users:
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so \ libjavaplugin.so /usr/java/default/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so 20000
For 64-bit users:
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so \ libjavaplugin.so.x86_64 /usr/java/default/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so 20000
You may need to restart Firefox to see the plugin take effect.
Note: If you wish to switch back to OpenJDK you can run the following commands one by one to switch between the OpenJDK and Sun Java:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --config java [mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --config libjavaplugin.so (or for 64-bit) [mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --config libjavaplugin.so.x86_64
To Update: If you wish update the JRE package, simply download the newest RPM package and install it as above. You will NOT need to reset alternatives, as those settings should remain intact.
More Information: Sun Install Documentation for Linux.
To view PDF files, Fedora recommends using either evince or okular. The following is for users requiring Adobe Acrobat Reader:
For yum users:
Install the Adobe YUM repository, and install through yum:
[mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/adobe-release/adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm [mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux [mirandam@charon Download]$ sudo yum install AdobeReader_enu
NOTE: The above uses the English version: enu. To see which languages are supported by Adobe's YUM repository, run the following command:
[mirandam@charon Download]$ yum list AdobeReader\*
Other languages are installed similar to english for example: AdobeReader_fra, if you are unsure which package is correct, run:
yum info AdobeReader_fra for more information. Otherwise install manually as described below. (Note: 64-bit users are recommended to use yum to resolve all the 32-bit i386 dependancies.)
The version of Adobe Acrobat Reader currently is 9.X for English and the version and download size may vary depending on your language. Not all languages are supported under Linux or may not have updated versions.
NOTE: Due to recent security issues with Adobe Acrobat, if you choose to use Acrobat Reader, it is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED to keep updated with yum.
If you have other Windows computers on your LAN and want to share files from Linux with them, you must setup Samba.
To setup Samba you must (1) install samba, (2) add you 'shares', (3) add users, (4) start Samba service and (5) manage security options (Firewall and SELinux).
1. Install Samba
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install samba samba-client
2. Add Shares
You must edit /etc/samba/smb.conf as root: (use nano instead of gedit if you do not have a GUI)
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
Set your Windows Workgroup name in [global] section.
Added shares at the end of the file. Example:
[c_drive] path = /media/c_drive public = yes writable = no [netshare] path = /data/ public = yes writable = yes
If 'writable' the location must be writable in Linux first. Additionally permissions must match (for example: drwxrw-rw-).
If home data (all personal files under /home/username) is to be accessible, then set 'browseable = yes' under [homes] (~line 250). This configuration file is very descriptive, read through it to get more ideas or information.
3. Add Users
To access shares, you must be a valid user. Add valid users AND passwords using the smbpasswd command.
This login name WILL be the login name and password you use from Windows to access your Linux computer. The password does NOT need to match your Linux password.
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo smbpasswd -a username New SMB password: Retype new SMB password: account_policy_get: (warnings ignored) Added user username.
(Note: 'username' MUST be a valid account on the Fedora machine)
4. Start Samba Service
Run samba and check for any errors:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/smb start Starting SMB services: [ OK ]
Use chkconfig or serviceconf to enable samba (smb) in both runlevels 3 and 5. This will make sure to run Samba each time Fedora boots.
[mirandam@charon ~]$ /sbin/chkconfig --list smb smb 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off [mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo /sbin/chkconfig --level 35 smb on [mirandam@charon ~]$ /sbin/chkconfig --list smb smb 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off
Restart Samba for every change to users/passwords or 'smb.conf'
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/smb restart Shutting down SMB services: [ OK ] Starting SMB services: [ OK ]
5. Managing Security for Samba
Firewall
The Firewall will by default block Samba, to allow access run:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ system-config-firewall
To allow Samba access to work through the firewall you must set 'Samba' as a 'Trusted Service' and hit 'Apply'. Alternatively if you are only using the shell and do not have access to a graphical X-server, you can run:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo system-config-firewall-tui
To allow Samba access to work through the firewall, use <Tab> to go to Customize. In the Trusted Services: scroll down to Samba, hit <Space> and use <Tab> again to go to Close, then finally to OK.
SELinux
SELinux has significant control over restricting different parts of Samba. Run system-config-selinux. Please read lines #23 - #51 in /etc/samba/smb.conf for a better explanation. Alternatively, you can run:
[mirandam@charon ~]$ system-config-selinux
Go to Boolean and type 'samba' in the Filter (without quotes).
For any changes made above to the SELinux settings or smb.conf, it is recommended to restart Samba.
Comments, suggestions, questions or any feedback welcome for this page or any of my Resources. Please use the contact link.
Help Out: If you found this guide or any Resource helpful, please consider supporting this site by recommending this page to others or linking to this page. I appreciate all the support I receive. Thank you in advance.
Disclaimer: The author makes no claim to the accuracy of the information provided. This information is provided in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY. There is no implied support from referencing this guide. Any help that is provided is at will. Use this information at your own risk. Always make proper backups and use caution when modifying critical system files.
PLEASE DO NOT mirror, translate or duplicate this page without contacting me.
Copyright © 2003-2013 by Mauriat Miranda (mjmwired.net).